COMPILED FROM THE FEDERAL REGISTERS, 1880 TO THE PRESENT

THE ENDANGERED NAMES LIST

American first names, tracked to the federal reporting line.

Since 1880 the Social Security Administration has published a yearly register of American first names. A name appears when at least five children of one sex received it that year; below five, for privacy, the record prints nothing at all. The federal government does not report extinctions. It reports absences, and it leaves the mourning to the private sector.

This establishment maintains the list the register implies. Of the 117,820 name-and-sex entries that have ever appeared, 19,612 have not been seen in forty years or more, 21,622 have been missing for twenty to thirty-nine, and 12,879 were reported in 2025 within four births of the line. No name on these pages is called extinct. Below five, the record says nothing, and neither do we.

117,820
entries ever
31,227
reported in 2025
19,612
gone 40+ years
5
the reporting line

Notable cases

Zilpha

Reported 1880–1943; below the line for 82 years and counting.

THE VANISHED

Gay

The largest vanished name: 17,985 recorded, peak 1959, nothing since 1982.

THE VANISHED

Vesper

Below the line 1927–2007; a Bond film in 2006, and back on the register by 2008.

THE RETURNED

Birdie

A 12-year silence, then a climb to 422 in 2025 — the best year in her whole record.

THE RETURNED

Phyllis

322,496 ever; 9,187 in 1947 alone; 7 in 2025 — and never once absent.

CRITICALLY LOW

The rooms

19,612 NAMES

THE VANISHED

Below the federal reporting line for forty years or more.

21,622 NAMES

LONG MISSING

Below the line twenty to thirty-nine years. Recent enough to return; absent enough to list.

12,879 NAMES

CRITICALLY LOW

Reported in 2025 at five to nine births. The line is five.

18,438 NAMES

THE RETURNED

Gone ten consecutive years or more, then reported again.

964 NAMES

STURDY GHOSTS

On the register by 1900 and never once absent since.

Methods & cautions — what this register can and cannot say.

Source: U.S. Social Security Administration national names file (1880–2025). Names below 5 occurrences in a year are not reported.

Somewhere, a grandmother is unsurprised.

A collection of THE MUSEUM OF HOPEFUL MACHINES